How to Use AI to Read IAJ Publications

IAJ publications are written for judges, prosecutors, disciplinary bodies, and treaty-body staff. They are deliberately technical. You do not need a law degree to use them — but you will need help translating them. This guide shows you how to get an AI assistant to do that translation well, and how to catch it when it gets things wrong.

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Read this first. An AI assistant is a reading aid, not a lawyer. It cannot tell you whether you have a legal claim, whether a deadline has passed, or what to file. It will sound confident when it is wrong, and it will invent case citations if you let it. The steps below are designed to stop that. If you are in or near a legal proceeding, consult a licensed attorney or a legal aid organisation.

1 Download the PDF and upload it

Do not ask an AI about an IAJ publication by name alone. It has not read the document and it will invent the contents. Download the PDF from the Resources page and attach it to your conversation. Everything below assumes the document is attached.

2 Paste this instruction block first, before any question

This sets the rules for the whole conversation. Paste it once, at the start.

You are helping a member of the public understand a technical human-rights law document published by the Institute for the Advancement of Justice & Human Rights (IAJ). Follow these rules for the entire conversation:

1. Answer only from the attached document. If something I ask is not addressed in it, say "the document does not address this" rather than filling the gap from general knowledge.
2. When you do add outside context, label it clearly as "OUTSIDE THE DOCUMENT."
3. Never invent case names, statute numbers, section numbers, or quotations. If you are not certain a citation appears in the document, say so and tell me what page to check.
4. Write at a 9th-grade reading level. Short sentences. No Latin unless you immediately explain it.
5. Do not tell me I will win, or that I have a strong case. You are not my lawyer and you cannot assess my case.
6. If I describe something that sounds like an emergency, a deadline, or a court date, tell me to consult a lawyer or legal aid immediately.
7. If the document contains express disclaimers, limiting principles, or statements about what it does not claim, tell me about those before you tell me its conclusions.
8. Attach every authority only to the proposition the document attaches it to. If the document cites two authorities for two related propositions, keep them separate - do not merge them into one statement.
9. Do not introduce absolutes. Words like "only," "all," "always," "never," and "must" belong in your answer only where the document itself uses them.

Confirm you understand, then wait for my first question.

3 Work through these questions in order

Each one builds on the last. You do not have to use all of them — but do not skip F or G. If you only have time for two questions, ask A and F: what the document says, and what it does not.

A. Get the plain-language version
Summarise this document in plain English in under 400 words. Tell me: (1) what problem it is about, (2) what the IAJ concludes, and (3) who it was written for. Then give me a one-sentence version I could say out loud to a friend.
B. Build your vocabulary
List every legal term, Latin phrase, treaty article, and abbreviation used in this document. For each one give a one-sentence plain-English definition and a short everyday example. Put the most important ten at the top. Where the item is a case, a treaty article, a General Comment, or a numbered paragraph, also state the specific proposition this document cites it for - and nothing beyond that.
C. Find out whether it applies to your situation
Based only on this document, list the conditions or elements that must be present for its analysis to apply to a person's situation. Present them as a numbered checklist of yes/no questions I can answer about my own experience. Do not tell me whether I meet them - just give me the checklist.
D. Map your own facts onto it
Here is a plain description of what happened to me: [describe what happened, who did it, when, and what official role that person held]. Using only this document, tell me which parts of it discuss situations like mine, and quote the exact passage and page. Where my situation does not match anything in the document, say so plainly.
E. Learn what proof the framework requires
Based only on this document, what kinds of evidence, records, or documentation does it treat as necessary or persuasive? Give me a practical list of things a person could gather - medical records, transcripts, filings, correspondence, dates - and explain why each one matters to the analysis.
F. Understand the limits — this one matters most
What does this document NOT say? List the claims a reader might wrongly think it supports. Explain what the IAJ expressly disclaims, what remains unsettled, and what obstacles the document itself identifies. Be blunt about what it does not promise.
G. Check the AI's work
Audit your own answers so far. For every legal authority you named, quote the sentence in the document that supports what you said about it, and give the page or chapter. Quoting the authority's name is not enough - quote the sentence that supports your characterisation of it. Where you cannot produce that sentence, say "I cannot verify this" and withdraw the statement. Do not report that you checked; show me what you found.
H. Turn it into something you can use
Using only what this document supports, help me draft a short plain-language statement of my situation that a lawyer, advocate, or complaint intake worker could understand in two minutes. Include: what happened, who did it, what official capacity they acted in, what harm followed, and which parts of this document appear relevant. Mark any place where I need to supply a fact or a date.
I. If you are helping someone else
I am helping another person who is not a lawyer understand this document. Give me: (1) a five-minute spoken explanation I can deliver, (2) five questions I should ask them to work out whether this document is relevant to their situation, and (3) the three most common misunderstandings I should correct.
J. Find out what else you need to read
Does this document say it must be read together with any other publication, or that a fuller version of any part of it is published separately? List each one, what it covers, and which part of this document points to it.
K. Check somebody else's summary against the document
Below is a summary of this document written by someone else. Check it claim by claim against the attached document. For each claim, tell me one of three things: (1) SUPPORTED, and quote the sentence in the document that supports it; (2) NOT FOUND, meaning you searched and could not locate supporting text - say what you searched for; or (3) CONTRADICTED, and quote the sentence that contradicts it. Do not mark anything NOT FOUND on the basis of a general impression. If a claim is a plain-English restatement rather than a quotation, say so and judge whether the restatement is faithful.

Here is the summary to check:
[paste the summary]

4 Cross-check before you rely on anything

Ask the same question of a second AI assistant, with the same document attached. Where the two disagree, treat the point as unresolved and check the document yourself. Any citation you intend to put in front of a court, an agency, or a disciplinary body must be verified against the primary source — never against an AI's summary of it.

Where to start if you are new to this material

  • Start here: Quick Reference Guide on Judicial Torture and Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment — the shortest map of the legal architecture.
  • Then: How to Personally Enforce the Torture Convention: A Practical Guide, in Impossible Steps — an honest account of what a person actually faces, and why.
  • Then: the publication in the categories below that matches your situation.

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What AI cannot do here

It cannot tell you whether you have a legal claim, whether a deadline has passed, or what to file. It cannot represent you. IAJ publications are analysis and advocacy addressed to institutions; they are not legal advice to you, and an AI's explanation of them is not legal advice either. Several of these publications find that the ordinary domestic remedies are structurally foreclosed — they document a problem rather than promise a result. If you are in or near a legal proceeding, seek a licensed attorney or a legal aid organisation.