Tribunal Services

Independent tribunal providing model rulings on court accommodation requests based on international human rights standards and the US Constitution.

How the Tribunal Works

Submit Request

Litigants or courts submit accommodation requests through our secure portal with supporting documentation.

Expert Review

Our panel of human rights, legal, and medical experts reviews each case against human rights principles, treaties, and standards, including UNCAT, CRPD, ICCPR, UDHR, UN Charter, UN Istanbul Protocol, as well as the US Constitution, including Articles III and VI, 5th, 8th and 14th Amendments, and statutes, including the ADA, Rehabilitation Act, and civil rights.

Model Ruling

The Tribunal issues legally and ethically considered model rulings specifying required accommodations and implementation timelines, according to international human rights standards.

Recent Tribunal Rulings

Case #19-cv-04392-BLF

Hazari v. County of Santa Clara

Ruling: On 1 March 2025, one-year stay required for litigant with MS requiring complete rest and isolation from distress to permit remission, recovery and rehabilitation from irreparable court-induced physical and mental injuries.

Legal Basis: UNCAT Article 1, 16, CRPD inc. Art. 13, 15, US Constitution inc. Art. III, VI, 5th Amend., ADA, Rehabilitation Act, civil rights

Find it: District Court, Northern California

judge violated disqualification injunction appeal

Case #19-FL-004302

Minkowski v. Minkowski

Ruling: Stay of litigation pending completion of essential medical treatment. No further court interruption and modification of medically essential treatment. Modified hearing procedures, accompanied by certified ADA Coordinator, with breaks as required by the litigant with disability and documented qualifying health conditions including PTSD, depression. Stop court obstruction of expression and meaningful participation.

Legal Basis: UNCAT Article 1, 16, CRPD inc. Art. 13, 15, US Constitution inc. Art. III, VI, 5th Amend., ADA, Rehabilitation Act, civil rights

Find it: California, Superior Court, County of Santa Clara

judge violated action pending

Case #2014-6-FL-013527

Danilak v. Danilak

Ruling: Extended response time and modified hearing procedures, accompanied by certified ADA Coordinator, with breaks as required by the litigant with disability and documented qualifying health conditions including PTSD, depression. Stop court obstruction of expression and meaningful participation.

Legal Basis: UNCAT Article 1, 16, CRPD inc. Art. 13, 15, US Constitution inc. Art. III, VI, 5th Amend., ADA, Rehabilitation Act, civil rights

Find it: California, Superior Court, County of Santa Clara

judge violated action pending

Tribunal Standards

Legal Framework

Tribunal rulings are based on:

  • UN Convention Against Torture (UNCAT) - Articles 14 and 16
  • UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) - Articles 9 and 13
  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) - Article 14
  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) - Articles 8 and 10
  • US Constitution
  • Americans with Disabilities Act

Submit an Accommodation Request

Need a tribunal ruling on court accommodations? Our expert panel provides model decisions based on international human rights law, the US Constitution, and domestic laws.

Login to Submit Request ⚖️ Model rulings